Adaptogens

Ashwagandha (KSM-66)

Adaptogenic herb (Withania somnifera) with clinical evidence for cortisol reduction, stress management, and anxiolytic effects.

Studies Referenced22+
Total Participants1,500+
Outcomes Evaluated5
Known Interactions5

Evidence by Outcome

Cortisol Reduction

Strong Evidence

11-32% serum cortisol reduction

8 studies500 participants

Anxiety

Moderate Evidence

Significant HAM-A score reduction

5 studies400 participants

Testosterone

Emerging Evidence

~15% increase (mostly in stressed/infertile men)

4 studies300 participants

Strength

Emerging Evidence

Modest increase in untrained subjects

2 studies100 participants

Sleep Quality

Moderate Evidence

Improved sleep onset and quality

3 studies200 participants

Dosing Guide

Standard Dose

300-600mg/day (KSM-66)

Timing

Morning or evening, with food

Take with food

KSM-66 most studied. Consider cycling 8 weeks on, 2-4 weeks off due to liver toxicity reports.

Safety Profile

Overall Safety:Moderate

Possible Side Effects

  • GI discomfort
  • Drowsiness
  • Rare liver injury reports (WHO 2023 alert)

Contraindications

  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Pregnancy
  • Autoimmune conditions
  • Liver disease
Upper Limit: 600mg/day KSM-66, cycle recommended

Known Interactions

🟡caution+ Caffeine

Ashwagandha reduces cortisol while caffeine raises it. May partially counteract each other's effects. Consider timing: ashwagandha PM, caffeine AM.

Source: Pharmacological reasoning

🟢synergy+ L-Theanine

Both reduce anxiety through different mechanisms — ashwagandha via HPA axis, L-theanine via alpha waves. Complementary anxiolytic stack.

Source: Mechanistic reasoning

🟢synergy+ Magnesium

Both support relaxation and sleep. Magnesium glycinate + ashwagandha is a popular evening stack for sleep quality.

Source: Complementary mechanisms

Omega-3 anti-inflammatory + ashwagandha adaptogenic. No known negative interaction. Complementary for stress management.

Source: No interaction data; mechanistically complementary

🟢synergy+ L-Theanine

Dual anxiolytic stack. L-theanine for acute calm, ashwagandha for chronic stress adaptation. Safe combination.

Source: Mechanistic reasoning

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