Health

Magnesium

Essential mineral involved in 300+ enzymatic reactions. ~50% of adults are deficient. Form matters significantly for absorption and target effect.

Studies Referenced58+
Total Participants3,550+
Outcomes Evaluated5
Known Interactions5

Evidence by Outcome

Sleep Quality

Moderate Evidence

Improved sleep quality scores (glycinate form)

8 studies500 participants

Blood Pressure

Moderate Evidence

-2 mmHg systolic (meta-analysis)

34 studies2,000 participants

Muscle Cramps

Moderate Evidence

Reduced frequency in deficient populations

7 studies400 participants

Anxiety

Emerging Evidence

Reduced anxiety symptoms (glycinate form)

4 studies300 participants

Migraine Prevention

Moderate Evidence

Reduced frequency by ~40% at 600mg/day

5 studies350 participants

Dosing Guide

Standard Dose

200-400mg elemental/day

Timing

Evening for sleep (glycinate), morning for energy (malate). Split doses absorb better.

Take with food

Form matters: Glycinate for sleep/anxiety, Citrate for general, Threonate for cognition, Taurate for cardiovascular.

Safety Profile

Overall Safety:Excellent

Possible Side Effects

  • GI distress at high doses (especially oxide)
  • Loose stools

Contraindications

  • Severe kidney disease
  • Myasthenia gravis
Upper Limit: 350mg/day supplemental (IOM), GI tolerance is usually limiting factor

Known Interactions

🟢synergy+ Vitamin D3

Magnesium is required for Vitamin D activation. Low magnesium impairs D3 metabolism. Take together.

Source: J Am Osteopath Assoc, 2018

🔵timing+ Caffeine

Caffeine increases magnesium excretion. Heavy coffee drinkers (>3 cups/day) may need higher magnesium intake.

Source: Magnesium Research, 2011

Magnesium supports ATP production. Creatine donates phosphate to regenerate ATP. Complementary mechanisms.

Source: Mechanistic rationale

Both support relaxation and sleep. Magnesium glycinate + ashwagandha is a popular evening stack for sleep quality.

Source: Complementary mechanisms

🟢synergy+ Taurine

Taurine enhances magnesium transport into cells. Magnesium taurate combines both in one molecule.

Source: Biol Trace Elem Res, 2018

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